This section provides context and methodology details for the data presented:
- **Data Scope:** This table focuses exclusively on competitive results where a Male athlete participated in an event or competition originally intended for female athletes. This applies to events specifically labeled "female", "women" or "girls" or events that were originally female-only but have been changed to mixed sex to be "inclusive" of some males, but continue to exclude other males who do not claim to be women. This includes events labeled "women+" or similar. Events that are mixed but in which there are specific limits on the number of male and female athletes per team and in which the male athlete has taken a "female" position, such as mixed doubles in tennis, are also included.
- **Link Verification:** The provided links are to external sources. These sources include official results directly from the event webpages, sites that aggregrate athletic results from various organizations (such as MileSplit.com), news stories, and social media posts from team and athlete accounts. Archived links (Ar.) are provided in the case that these results are removed or websites are no longer functional. Not all pages were able to be archived. When possible, archived links can most often be found in the second (2) link.
- **Athlete Verification:** Athletes have been verified as male through the use of public sources: news articles, personal declarations from the athletes, name changes, past photos, and other public records including job history, school records, and family records. In the case of males with DSDs, athletes are included if they have previously failed a sex/gender test.
- **Athlete Identification:** "DSD" refers to male athletes with a disorder of sexual development. These athletes are male but may have been mistaken for female at birth due to underdeveloped male genitalia. "Trans-identified" refers to male athletes who have had healthy male development but deny that they are men and boys and claim to be something else, typically "women" or "nonbinary". "Other" refers to males who do not belong in either of the former categories but participate on female teams due to rule exceptions.
- **Sorting:** The table is sorted by **Date (newest first)** by default.
Other Notes:
- In cases where no conference tournament takes place, conference standings are denoted as "conference championship" placement.
- The teams comprised of American Samoan athletes such as the Titahz and Teine Samoa Moni often compete with males athletes in the majority on their roster. The Teine Samoa Moni team (Teine means "girl") has also been described as being a team entirely comprised of male athletes. Both teams play in the women's division, in some cases even in spite of the existence of a separate "trans" division (often called the "queens" division). As there are no official rosters available, male athletes playing on both teams may not be listed here.
- After the 2015 season, UC Santa Cruz appears to have become an independant school (no conference) the following year due to the dissolution of the Great South Athletic Conference. There are no conference standing/championship results for male athlete "Chloe" Anderson for the 2016 season.
- An unidentified male athlete has played on the Southwest High School girls' volleyball team in Green Bay, WI despite objections from players and parents. The athlete was reportedly the hardest hitter on the team and was leaving teammates with bruises after practice.
- An unidentified male playing on the girls' volleyball team at Randolph High School in Vermont had several female players kicked out of the girls locker room after they told him to leave as a boy's presence made them uncomfortable when they were changing.
- The son of Brandon Boulaware, a Kansas City attourney, has played on a girls' volleyball team in Missouri. Results are not available at this time.
- Male athlete Landon Patterson has played for the girls' K.A.M.O. Volleyball Club in Roeland Park, Kansas. He has also stolen a girl's homecoming queen title. His volleyball results are not available at this time.
- An unidentified male athlete has been allowed to play girls' high school volleyball at a school in Arizona.
- An unidentified male athlete at Loy Norrix High School in Michigan was chosen to be a starter on the girls' varsity volleyball team. Obejections from players and parents were immediately dismissed by the principal who told them, "I'm not going to hear any complaints about it."
- Male athlete "Eva" Gold has played volleyball in Connecticut. It is unknown at this time if he had played on a girls' team. Results are not available.
- An unidentified male athlete has played girls' volleyball at his high school in Utah.
- Please contact HeCheated if you have any information on the athletes above.
Abbreviations:
- ISO alpha-3 country codes used for country abbreviations
- DQ - disqualified
- DNS - did not start
- DNF - did not finish
- DNP - did not place
- SCR - scratch (competitor either withdrew from the event or did not achieve any mark)
- NH - no height (in high jump, competitor failed to jump opening height)
- FF - forfeit
- MC - missed cut (denotes and instance where competitor did not make the cut to continue on in the tournament, commonly used in golf)
- OC - outside competitior (denotes an outside entry in a national competition. OC competitors do not receive points)
- NS - non-scoring (denotes a non-scoring entry in domestic meets, "G" denotes a guest entry)
- SF - semi-finalist
- QF - quarter-finalist
- TBD - to be determined
- n/a - not available