This section provides context and methodology details for the data presented:
- **Data Scope:** This table focuses exclusively on competitive results where a Male athlete participated in an event or competition originally intended for female athletes. This applies to events specifically labeled "female", "women" or "girls" or events that were originally female-only but have been changed to mixed sex to be "inclusive" of some men, but continue to exclude other men who do not claim to be women. This includes events labeled "women+" or similar. Events that are mixed but in which there are specific limits on the number of male and female athletes per team and in which the male athlete has taken a "female" position, such as mixed doubles in tennis, are also included.
- **Link Verification:** The provided links are to external sources. These sources include official results directly from the event webpages, sites that aggregrate athletic results from various organizations (such as MileSplit.com), news stories, and social media posts from team and athlete accounts. Archived links (Ar.) are provided in the case that these results are removed or websites are no longer functional. Not all pages were able to be archived. When possible, archived links can most often be found in the second (2) link.
- **Athlete Verification:** Athletes have been verified as male through the use of public sources: news articles, personal declarations from the athletes, name changes, past photos, and other public records including job history, school records, and family records. In the case of males with DSDs, athletes are included if they have previously failed a sex/gender test.
- **Athlete Identification:** "DSD" refers to male athletes with a disorder of sexual development. These athletes are male but may have been mistaken for female at birth due to underdeveloped male genitalia. "Trans-identified" refers to male athletes who have had healthy male development but deny that they are men and boys and claim to be something else, typically "women" or "nonbinary". "Other" refers to males who do not belong in either of the former categories but participate on female teams due to rule exceptions.
- **Sorting:** The table is sorted by **Date (newest first)** by default.
Other Notes:
- 1st place (of 1) and "1st of 2 Males" are counted in the overall 1st place totals. "Semi-finals", "2nd of 2 Males", "2nd (of 2)", and "3rd (of 3)" are counted in top 3 finishes (as these finishers often stand on the podium and recieve medals).
- For distance running events, place in age categories are used. For placement in overall "female" categories, see the "Distance Running" page. Parkrun results are not listed in totals. For more detail, please see the "Parkrun" page.
- Different states and regions may use different nomenclature for meets and competitions i.e. league, district, conference, regional, sectional, division championships, etc. Due to these differences and varying rules state-by-state and by country, some competitions may be categorized inaccurately, but all of these competitions can be assumed to be larger, important competitions that offer medals or trophies for the top 3 competitors and possibly qualification onto further competitions.
- Competition locations are currently in the process of being added. Not all events may have locations added yet. Pages are also being proofread and updated, as such, there may be temporary discrepancies.
- When competition location is not known, the team's home location may be used instead.
- Many track and field entries regarding male athletes with DSDs were taken from the official World Athletics website as the events occured at smaller international or past meets that do not have full results available online. When the included link directs you to an athlete profile on this website, select "Statistics" then "Results" to view the athlete's official results that have been cataloged by World Athletics. These results should reflect the same information that is shown on the HeCheated website.
- Please see individual sport pages for more details on each.
Abbreviations:
- ISO alpha-3 country codes used for country abbreviations
- DQ - disqualified
- DNS - did not start
- DNF - did not finish
- DNP - did not place
- SCR - scratch (competitor either withdrew from the event or did not achieve any mark)
- NH - no height (in high jump, competitor failed to jump opening height)
- FF - forfeight
- MC - missed cut (denotes and instance where competitor did not make the cut to continue on in the tournament, commonly used in golf)
- OC - outside competitior (denotes an outside entry in a national competition. OC competitors do not receive points)
- NS - non-scoring (denotes a non-scoring entry in domestic meets, "G" denotes a guest entry)
- SF - semi-finalist
- QF - quarter-finalist
- TBD - to be determined
- n/a - not available